Edafología. Volumen 7-2. Mayo 2000. pag 67-74.

 

PROPIEDADES HÍDRICAS DE LOS SUELOS DE OLIVAR MEDIANTE SIMULACIÓN DE LLUVIA.

A. IRIARTE*, M. SIMON **, I. GARCÍA **, E. BARAHONA * e I.ORTIZ **

*Estación Experimental del Zaidín, C.S.I.C., Profesor Albareda, nº 1. Granada.

** Dpto de Edafología y Química Agrícola. Facultad de Ciencias, Avda. Severo Ochoa, s/n. Granada.


Abstract
A study of the hydrological properties of three of the most representative soils in the olive-producer area of La Loma (Jaen) was carried out using a rain simulator. Rain intensities of 40, 60, 80 and 100 mm h-1 were used. Starting from dry soil conditions, soil-infiltration rate decreased, in all cases, according to the logarithm of the experimentation time untill reaching a constant value (final infiltration rate) which was different depending on the rain intensity. The main parameters that control the final infiltration rate for each rain intensity are: accumulation of water on the surface of soils, particle-size, structure and superficial stonyness. Final infiltration rate increased on tilling soils in relation to non-tilling soils, but erosion also increased. Stonyness of soil helped the infiltration and reduced the erosion. The maximum rain intensity for which there is no runoff and, therefore,no erosion either, was more related to the particle-size of the surface horizons than to the tillage.

Key words: Olive grove, rain simulation, infiltration, runoff, erosion.

 

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